United States Economic Indicators

Building Permits

Number of new residential construction permits authorized, a leading indicator of future housing activity and economic growth.

Business Confidence

Survey-based measure of business executives' outlook on economic conditions, production, and investment plans.

Consumer Confidence

Survey-based measure of consumers' confidence in economic conditions, employment prospects, and personal finances.

Core Inflation

CPI excluding volatile items like food and energy.

Core Inflation MoM

Month-over-month change in core consumer prices (excluding food and energy), tracking underlying inflation trends.

Current Account Balance

Measures trade in goods and services and income flows.

Durable Goods Orders

Measures new orders placed with domestic manufacturers for delivery of long-lasting goods.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Growth

GDP growth: the quarterly change in the inflation-adjusted value of all goods and services produced in the economy.

Government Debt

Total outstanding debt obligations of the central government, indicating fiscal sustainability and public sector borrowing requirements.

House Price Index

Measures changes in residential property prices over time, reflecting housing market conditions and consumer wealth.

Housing Starts

Number of new residential construction projects that have begun in a given period, a key indicator of economic activity and construction sector health.

Industrial Production

Measures the output of the industrial sector (manufacturing, mining, utilities).

Inflation Rate (CPI/HICP)

Headline inflation: the year-over-year percentage change in the Consumer Price Index (CPI), the standard measure central banks target.

Inflation MoM

Month-over-month change in the consumer price index, measuring short-term inflationary momentum.

Services PMI (NMI)

Non-Manufacturing Index (NMI) or Services PMI, a leading indicator of economic activity in the services sector. A reading above 50 indicates expansion.

PCE Price Index

The headline Personal Consumption Expenditures price index published by BEA.

PCE MoM

Month-over-month change in the Personal Consumption Expenditures price index.

Manufacturing PMI

Purchasing Managers' Index for the manufacturing sector, a leading indicator of economic activity based on surveys of purchasing managers. A reading above 50 indicates expansion.

Producer Price Index (PPI)

Measures the average change over time in the selling prices received by domestic producers for their output.

Producer Price Index MoM (PPI)

Month-over-month change in producer prices, an early indicator of inflationary pressure in the supply chain.

Retail Sales

Measures change in the total value of sales at the retail level.

Trade Balance

The difference between the value of a country's exports and imports.

Trade-Weighted Index (NEER)

Nominal Effective Exchange Rate (NEER) measuring the value of a currency relative to a basket of trading partners' currencies, weighted by trade volumes. Published monthly by the BIS.

Average Hourly Earnings

Measures the change in the price businesses pay for labor.

Employment Level

Total number of employed persons.

Full-Time Employment

Number of persons employed full-time.

Initial Jobless Claims

Weekly initial unemployment insurance claims.

Job Openings

Total number of unfilled job positions, a key indicator of labor market demand and tightness.

NAIRU (Natural Rate of Unemployment)

Non-Accelerating Inflation Rate of Unemployment — the estimated unemployment rate consistent with stable inflation, published by the Congressional Budget Office.

Non-Farm Payrolls (NFP)

Number of workers in the U.S. excluding farm workers.

Part-Time Employment

Number of persons employed part-time.

Labor Force Participation Rate

Ratio of the labor force to the working-age population.

Unemployment Rate

Percentage of the labor force that is unemployed.

Average Weekly Earnings / Wages

Measures nominal wage growth.

Narrow Money (M1)

Currency in circulation + transaction deposits. RBNZ column A.

M2 Money Supply

M1 + savings deposits (on-call). RBNZ derived: column A + B1.

Broad Money (M3)

M1 + savings + term deposits. RBNZ column A+B (broadest aggregate).

Central Bank Total Assets

Total assets on the central bank's balance sheet, reflecting the scale of monetary policy operations including quantitative easing programs.

Foreign Exchange Reserves

Assets held by the central bank in foreign currencies, used to support the exchange rate and manage monetary policy. Key indicator of a country's external financial position.

Gold Reserves

Quantity of gold held by the central bank as part of its foreign exchange reserves, measured in value terms.

Central Bank Policy Rate

Primary interest rate set by the Central Bank.

Risk Free Rate

Overnight lending rate between banks.

10-Year Breakeven Inflation Rate

10-Year Government Bond Yield

2-Year Government Bond Yield

3-Year Government Bond Yield

5-Year Government Bond Yield

Inflation-Linked Bond Yield

Central Bank Reserves - Domestic Currency

Central Bank Reserves - Foreign Currency

Central Bank Reserves - Gold

Core PCE (PCE ex Food & Energy)

Federal Funds Target Range Lower Bound