This guide covers the Peruvian sol series in the FXMacroData production catalogue. The PEN set is short and comes entirely from the Central Reserve Bank of Peru (BCRP): the 10-year sol government bond yield, daily net international reserves and the multilateral real exchange rate. The guide explains what each measures, how the BCRP publishes it, and how traders following USD/PEN can use it.
Quick answer
What is covered
3 PEN series: the 10-year government bond yield in soles (daily), net international reserves in USD millions (daily) and the multilateral real effective exchange rate index (monthly).
Who publishes it
The Banco Central de Reserva del Perú (BCRP), through its public statistics database.
Why it matters
The sol is one of the least volatile currencies in Latin America because the BCRP intervenes actively and holds very large reserves. Reserves, long-term yields and the real exchange rate show how that framework is working.
Takeaway: For PEN, the official reserve buffer and the BCRP's intervention are as important as interest rates: the reserves series is the most direct read on that capacity.
Who Publishes Peruvian Data
The Central Reserve Bank of Peru (BCRP) sets the reference rate under an inflation target of 1 to 3 per cent and manages a large stock of international reserves. Peru's economy is partly dollarised, with a meaningful share of deposits and loans held in US dollars, and the BCRP uses spot FX sales and purchases, FX swaps and reserve requirements to limit sharp moves in the sol. That approach has made the sol one of the most stable currencies in the region.
The BCRP publishes its statistics in a public database (BCRPData), with daily, monthly, quarterly and annual series. FXMacroData takes all three PEN series from that database: the daily sovereign 10-year sol bond yield, daily net international reserves and the monthly multilateral real exchange rate.
Each series keeps a link back to its BCRPData source code, which makes the numbers easy to audit: the 10-year sol yield is BCRP series PD31893DD, net international reserves are PD04650MD and the multilateral real exchange rate is PN01259PM. History in the catalogue goes back to 2000 for reserves and the real exchange rate and to 2005 for the 10-year yield, long enough to cover several commodity cycles and political transitions.
FXMacroData stores each value with the period it refers to (date) and, where the BCRP provides one, the publication moment (announcement_datetime). The daily series are published as BCRP end-of-day statistics, so most rows carry a date rather than an intraday timestamp. Releases are typically available within seconds of official publication (release speed).
PEN Indicators Covered
Rates
- 10-year government bond yield: the yield on Peru's 10-year sovereign bond in soles, daily. Foreign investors hold a significant share of sol-denominated government bonds, so changes in this yield, and in its spread over US Treasuries, are closely tied to portfolio flows into and out of the sol.
Reserves
- Net international reserves: the BCRP's net international reserves in USD millions, daily. Peru's reserves are large relative to GDP, which gives the BCRP room to sell dollars to stabilise the sol. Daily changes also reflect movements in bank dollar deposits held at the central bank, so a single day's move is not always intervention; the trend is the more reliable signal.
Exchange rate
- Multilateral real exchange rate: the BCRP's monthly real effective exchange rate index, which adjusts the sol against a basket of trading partners for relative inflation. In the BCRP's convention a fall in the index is a real appreciation of the sol and a rise is a real depreciation. It is the best measure in the catalogue of the sol's competitiveness.
The PEN catalogue does not currently include the BCRP reference rate, CPI or GDP. For the policy side, see the BCRP guide linked below.
PEN Release Timing
Peru uses Peru Time (America/Lima, UTC-5) all year, with no daylight saving.
| Release | Publisher | Frequency | Local time (America/Lima) | UTC |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10-year sol bond yield | BCRP | Daily (business days) | End-of-day statistics | End of day |
| Net international reserves | BCRP | Daily (business days) | End-of-day statistics | End of day |
| Multilateral real exchange rate | BCRP | Monthly | Evening, 18:00 in the latest row | 23:00 |
| Reference rate decision (context, not in catalogue) | BCRP | Monthly | Evening | Late evening or just after midnight |
The BCRP's monetary programme is announced monthly, typically on a Thursday evening Lima time, which already falls in the following day in Asia. Because the daily PEN series are end-of-day figures, they are best used to confirm a trend the morning after rather than to trade the minute of release. Upcoming dates are on the release calendar.
Worked Example: The August 2026 Real Exchange Rate
The BCRP's multilateral real exchange rate index stood at 86.4 for August 2026, almost unchanged from 86.5 in July and 4.32 per cent lower than a year earlier. The request:
curl -H "X-API-Key: YOUR_API_KEY" "https://api.fxmacrodata.com/v1/announcements/pen/trade_weighted_index?start_date=2026-08-01"The latest row returned (abridged to the fields used here):
{
"currency": "PEN",
"indicator": "trade_weighted_index",
"data": [
{
"date": "2026-08-31",
"val": 86.4,
"previous_value": 86.5,
"previous_date": "2026-07-31",
"announcement_datetime": 1788217200,
"announcement_datetime_local": "2026-08-31T18:00:00-05:00"
}
]
}The epoch 1788217200 is 23:00 UTC on 31 August 2026, which is 18:00 local time (America/Lima) on 31 August 2026.
A fall of more than 4 per cent over the year means the sol appreciated in real terms against its trading partners. Between October 2025 and August 2026 the index moved between 86.4 and 88.1, and the latest reading matches the low of that range. The full response also includes pct_change_yoy and pct_change_mom, so the annual change does not have to be computed separately.
The daily series show the latest moves in more detail. Net international reserves were USD 96,661 million on 24 September 2026, down from USD 98,965 million on 1 September, while the 10-year sol yield rose from 6.33 per cent to 6.67 per cent over the same period. Request them by replacing trade_weighted_index with foreign_reserves or gov_bond_10y in the URL.
How Traders Use PEN Data
- Reserves and intervention capacity. A falling reserves trend during sol weakness suggests the BCRP is selling dollars; a rising trend during sol strength suggests it is buying. Either way, the reserves series shows how actively the central bank is leaning against the market.
- Sovereign yield spreads. The 10-year sol yield minus the 10-year US Treasury yield is a core input for USD/PEN. A widening spread that is not matched by a policy move can signal rising country risk rather than tighter policy.
- Real exchange rate and competitiveness. When the real exchange rate index falls well below its recent range, the sol is expensive in real terms, which can weigh on exporters and limit further appreciation.
- Copper and metals. Peru is one of the world's largest copper producers, and mining exports are its main source of dollars. Traders often read the PEN series alongside copper prices and the Chilean peso, another copper-linked currency.
- Political risk. Peru has had frequent changes of government. The sol's stability through those episodes is largely a reflection of the BCRP's independence and reserves, which is why the reserves and yield series are watched closely around political events.
The USD/PEN dashboard shows these series alongside price.
Related Pages
- Central Reserve Bank of Peru monetary policy guide for the reference rate framework and intervention tools.
- Peru indicator hub for every PEN series with charts and API documentation.
- USD/PEN dashboard for price and release markers.
- Release calendar for upcoming Peruvian events.
- Data coverage for all 22 currencies.
